產(chǎn)品技術(shù)參數(shù): UUD148AE02ABB 電流測(cè)量控制器模塊
1、各自技術(shù)發(fā)展的起源
計(jì)算機(jī)是為了滿足快速大量數(shù)據(jù)處理要求的設(shè)備。硬件結(jié)構(gòu)方面，總線標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度高，兼容強(qiáng)，軟件資源豐富，特別是有實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)的支持，故對(duì)要求快速、實(shí)時(shí)強(qiáng)、模型復(fù)雜和計(jì)算工作量大的工業(yè)對(duì)象的控制占有優(yōu)勢(shì)。
集散系統(tǒng)從工業(yè)自動(dòng)化儀表控制系統(tǒng)發(fā)展到以工業(yè)控制計(jì)算機(jī)為中心的集散系統(tǒng)，所以其在模擬量處理、回路調(diào)節(jié)方面具有一定優(yōu)勢(shì)，初期主要用在連續(xù)過(guò)程控制，側(cè)重回路調(diào)節(jié)功能。
PLC是由繼電器邏輯系統(tǒng)發(fā)展而來(lái)，主要用在離散制造、工序控制，初期主要是代替繼電器控制系統(tǒng)，側(cè)重于開(kāi)關(guān)量順字控制方面。
近年來(lái)隨著微電子技術(shù)、大規(guī)模集成電路技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和通信技術(shù)等的發(fā)展，PLC在技術(shù)和功能上發(fā)生了飛躍。在初期邏輯運(yùn)算的基礎(chǔ)上，增加了數(shù)值運(yùn)算、閉環(huán)調(diào)節(jié)等功能，增加了模擬量和PID調(diào)節(jié)等功能模塊;運(yùn)算速度提高，的能力趕上了工業(yè)控制計(jì)算機(jī);通信能力的提高發(fā)展了多種局部總線和網(wǎng)絡(luò)(LAN)，因而也可構(gòu)成為一個(gè)集散系統(tǒng)。特別是個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)也被吸收到PLC系統(tǒng)中。
PLC在過(guò)程控制的發(fā)展將是—智能變送器和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線，暨向下拓展功能，開(kāi)放總線。
在微電子技術(shù)發(fā)展的背景下，從硬件的度來(lái)看，PLC、工業(yè)計(jì)算機(jī)、集散系統(tǒng)(DCS)之間的差別正在縮小，都將由類似的一些微電子元件、微處理器、大容量半導(dǎo)體存儲(chǔ)器和I/O模件組成。編程方面也有很多相同點(diǎn)。
由于PLC和計(jì)算機(jī)屬于兩類產(chǎn)品，經(jīng)過(guò)幾十年的發(fā)展都形成了自身的裝置特點(diǎn)和軟件工具。實(shí)際上的區(qū)別繼續(xù)存在。
PLC用編程器或計(jì)算機(jī)編程，編程語(yǔ)言是梯形圖、功能塊圖、順序功能表圖和指令表等。集散系統(tǒng)自身或用計(jì)算機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)形成組態(tài)構(gòu)成開(kāi)發(fā)系統(tǒng)環(huán)境.
特別提出的是與STD總線工控機(jī)的區(qū)別，無(wú)論從維修、安裝和模件功能都很相似。PLC適用于黑模式下運(yùn)行，但在線運(yùn)行時(shí)若要進(jìn)行較大的程序修改，其能力略遜于STD工控機(jī)，但是從開(kāi)關(guān)量控制而言，PLC的能優(yōu)于STD工控機(jī)。
總的來(lái)說(shuō)，在選擇控制器時(shí)，首先要從工程要求、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)等方面考慮。沒(méi)有什么控制器完善，也沒(méi)有哪種產(chǎn)品差，只能說(shuō)選擇適用的產(chǎn)品。
PLC自問(wèn)世以來(lái)，經(jīng)過(guò)20多年的發(fā)展，在美國(guó)、歐洲、等工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家已成為重要產(chǎn)業(yè)，197年世界PLC的銷售額為25億美元，此后每年以20%左右的速度遞增。進(jìn)入90年代以來(lái)，世界PLC的年平均銷售額在55億美元以上，其中我國(guó)約占1%。當(dāng)前，PLC在市場(chǎng)上已成為受歡迎的工業(yè)控制暢銷產(chǎn)品，用PLC設(shè)計(jì)自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)已成為世界潮流
Product technical parameters: UUD148AE02ABB current measurement controller module
1. Origin of respective technological development
Computers are devices designed to meet the requirements of fast and massive data processing. In terms of hardware structure, the bus has a high degree of standardization, strong compatibility, and abundant software resources, especially with the support of real-time operating systems. Therefore, it has advantages in controlling industrial objects that require fast, strong real-time, complex models, and high computational workload.
Distributed systems have evolved from industrial automation instrument control systems to distributed systems centered around industrial control computers. Therefore, they have certain advantages in analog processing and loop regulation. Initially, they were mainly used in continuous process control, with a focus on loop regulation functions.
PLC is developed from relay logic systems and is mainly used in discrete manufacturing and process control. In the initial stage, it mainly replaced relay control systems, with a focus on switch quantity sequential control.
In recent years, with the development of microelectronics technology, large-scale integrated circuit technology, computer technology, and communication technology, PLC has made a leap in technology and functionality. On the basis of initial logical operations, functions such as numerical operation and closed-loop adjustment have been added, as well as functional modules such as analog quantity and PID adjustment; The computing speed has improved, and the ability to catch up with industrial control computers; The improvement of communication capabilities has led to the development of various local buses and networks (LANs), which can also form a distributed system. Especially personal computers have also been incorporated into PLC systems.
The development of PLC in process control will be intelligent transmitters and fieldbuses, as well as downward expansion of functions and open buses.
In the context of the development of microelectronics technology, from a hardware perspective, the differences between PLCs, industrial computers, and distributed systems (DCS) are narrowing, and they will all be composed of similar microelectronic components, microprocessors, large capacity semiconductor memories, and I/O modules. There are also many similarities in programming.
Due to the fact that PLC and computers belong to two categories of products, they have formed their own device characteristics and software tools after decades of development. The actual difference continues to exist.
PLC is programmed using a programmer or computer, with programming languages such as ladder diagrams, function block diagrams, sequential function table diagrams, and instruction tables. The distributed system itself or the development system environment formed by computer structure configuration
Specifically, the difference between STD bus industrial control computers is that they are very similar in terms of maintenance, installation, and module functions. PLC is suitable for operating in black mode, but if significant program modifications are required during online operation, its ability is slightly inferior to that of STD industrial control computers. However, in terms of switch value control, PLC's performance is superior to that of STD industrial control computers.
Overall, when selecting a controller, the first consideration should be given to engineering requirements, on-site environment, and economy. There is no perfect controller, and there is no product that is inferior. It can only be said to choose the applicable product.
Since its inception, PLC has become an important industry in industrialized countries such as the United States, Europe, and other countries after more than 20 years of development. In 197, the world's sales revenue of PLC was 2.5 billion US dollars, and since then, it has been increasing at a rate of about 20% annually. Since the 1990s, the average annual sales of PLC in the world have exceeded 5.5 billion US dollars, with China accounting for about 1%. Currently, PLC has become a popular industrial control best-selling product in the market, and using PLC to design automatic control systems has become a world trend
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