

介紹:
基本信息:5SHY3545L0014 3BHB013085R0001ABB 3BHEO39203R0101 GVC736CE101直流調(diào)速中壓板,集成先進數(shù)字服務
二、直流電動機的調(diào)速特點
1、降低電樞電壓調(diào)速,電樞回路必須有可調(diào)壓的直流電源,電樞回路及勵磁回路電阻盡可能小,電壓降低轉速下降,人為特性硬度不變、運行轉速穩(wěn)定,可無級調(diào)速。改變電樞電壓主要是從額定電壓往下降低電樞電壓,從電動機額定轉速向下變速,屬恒轉矩調(diào)速方法。對于要求在一定范圍內(nèi)無級平滑調(diào)速的系統(tǒng)來說,這種方法最好。電樞電流變化遇到的時間常數(shù)較小,能快速響應,但是需要大容量可調(diào)直流電源。
2、電樞回路串電阻調(diào)速,人為特性是一簇過理想空載點的射線,串電阻越大,機械特性越軟、轉速越不穩(wěn)定,低速時串電阻大,損耗能量也越多,效率變低。調(diào)速范圍受負載大小影響,負載大調(diào)速范圍廣,輕載調(diào)速范圍小。在電動機電樞回路外串電阻進行調(diào)速的方法,設備簡單,操作方便。但是只能有級調(diào)速,調(diào)速平滑性差,機械特性較軟;在調(diào)速電阻上消耗大量電能。改變電阻調(diào)速缺點很多,目前很少采用。
3、弱磁調(diào)速,一般直流電動機,為避免磁路過飽和只能弱磁不能強磁。電樞電壓保持額定值,電樞回路串接電阻減至局小,增加勵磁回路電阻Rf,勵磁電流和磁通減小,電動機轉速隨即升高,機械特性變軟。改變磁通可以以實現(xiàn)無級平滑調(diào)速,但只能減弱磁通,從電動機額定轉速向上調(diào)速.屬恒功率調(diào)速方法。電樞電流變化時遇到的時間常數(shù)要大很多,響應速度較慢.但所需電源容量小。
注意:轉速升高時,如負載轉矩仍為額定值,則電動機功率將超過額定功率,電動機過載運行、這是不允許的,所以弱磁調(diào)速時,隨著電動機轉速的升高,負載轉矩相應減小,屬恒功率調(diào)速。為避免電動機轉子繞組受離心力過大而撤開損壞,弱磁調(diào)速時應注意電動機轉速不超過允許限度。
3、改變電樞的電刷接入位詈
改變電樞繞組與勵磁繞組的偏移角來改變直流電機的放置方向。
另外,他勵和并勵直流電動機一般采用電樞反接法來實現(xiàn)正反轉。他勵和并勵直流電動機不宜采用勵磁繞組反接法實現(xiàn)正反轉的原因是因為勵磁嬈組匝數(shù)較多,電感量較大。當勵磁繞組反接時,在勵磁繞組中便會產(chǎn)生很大的感生電動勢.這將會損壞閘刀和勵磁繞組的絕絳。

Description:
Basic information :5SHY3545L0014 3BHB013085R0001ABB 3BHEO39203R0101 GVC736CE101 DC speed control pressure board, integrated advanced digital services
Second, the speed regulation characteristics of DC motor
1, reduce the armature voltage speed regulation, the armature circuit must have adjustable voltage DC power supply, the armature circuit and excitation circuit resistance as small as possible, the voltage is reduced, the speed is decreased, the hardness of artificial characteristics is unchanged, the running speed is stable, and the speed can be stepless. Changing the armature voltage is mainly to reduce the armature voltage from the rated voltage, and change the armature voltage from the rated speed of the motor, which is a constant torque speed regulation method. This method is best for systems that require stepless smooth speed regulation within a certain range. Armature current changes encounter a small time constant, can respond quickly, but requires a large capacity of adjustable DC power supply.
2, the armature circuit series resistance speed regulation, artificial characteristics is a cluster of rays over the ideal no-load point, the greater the series resistance, the softer the mechanical characteristics, the more unstable the speed, the lower the low speed series resistance, the more energy loss, the lower the efficiency. The speed regulation range is affected by the load size, and the speed regulation range is wide with large load and small with light load. The method of speed regulation in the external series resistance of the armature circuit of the motor is simple and easy to operate. However, there can only be stage speed regulation, the smoothness of speed regulation is poor, and the mechanical characteristics are soft; A large amount of electrical energy is consumed on the governor resistance. There are many disadvantages of changing resistance speed regulation, which is rarely used at present.
3, weak magnetic speed regulation, general DC motor, in order to avoid magnetic circuit supersaturation can only weak magnetic can not strong magnetic. The armature voltage maintains the rated value, the armature circuit series resistance is reduced to a small office, the excitation circuit resistance Rf is increased, the excitation current and magnetic flux are reduced, the motor speed is then increased, and the mechanical characteristics become soft. Changing the flux can achieve stepless smooth speed regulation, but it can only weaken the flux and speed up from the rated speed of the motor. It is a constant power speed regulation method. The time constant encountered when the armature current changes is much larger, and the response speed is slower. However, the power capacity required is small.
Note: When the speed increases, if the load torque is still the rated value, the motor power will exceed the rated power, the motor overload operation, which is not allowed, so the weak magnetic speed regulation, as the motor speed increases, the load torque decreases accordingly, which is a constant power speed regulation. In order to prevent the motor rotor winding from being damaged by excessive centrifugal force, it should be noted that the motor speed should not exceed the allowable limit when the weak magnetic speed regulation.
3, change the armature brush access bit abuse
Change the offset Angle between armature winding and excitation winding to change the direction of DC motor.
In addition, separately excited and shunt excited DC motors generally use armature reverse connection to achieve positive and negative rotation. The reason why the separately excited and shunt excited DC motor should not use the field winding reverse connection method to realize the positive and negative rotation is that the number of turns of the excitation is large and the inductance is large. When the field winding is reversed, a large induced electromotive force will be generated in the field winding. This will damage the knife and the wire of the field winding.
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